Solar thermal Power engines.

What are solar panels?

Solar panels

• Solar panels are the main ingredient in solar systems that generate electricity
• Manufactures semiconductor materials such as cells Silicon absorbs light from the Sun.
• Silicon is inherently too bright, in order to take advantage of photons and prevent it from flipping away from MySQL, anti-reflective coating is applied to the cells.
• Glass cover is placed above the solar panel to protect the Silicon from external factors and scratching.
• The Board consists of a group of cells PV cells connected together in one window and plugged them
• Standard sized cells 15.6 * 15.6 cm
• The panels 255-285 WAT contains 60 cell (6 * 10): size 99 * 164 cm
• The panels 315-335 WAT contains 72 cell (6 * 12): size 99 * 196 cm
• If you create a collection of panels in a solar system or Solar PV array, call Array.

Types of solar panels:

There are three main types available on the market:

1. Monocrystalline Silicon

Unilateral panels consistent appearance which signifies purity silicon crystals.

Unilateral panels forming cells is silicon alloys are sliced into strips.

And you can see that the cells are not always contiguous characters and this is what gives the unilateral panels featured appearance as is evident in the picture.

These panels are the most expensive species

Given the efficiency up to 22.5% in the lab, but actually commercially cells in 2017 brilliance only 17.5%

Her life span of 25 years or more.

2. multiple cells Polycrystalline polycrystalline Silicon

The difference between them and the Monocle is very clear in terms of form in two images, where the cells are stacked boxes.

Low cost compared to single cells.

Brilliance about 16.9%

Lifespan 25 years or more.

The only downside no matter many people but sometimes takes into account that her appearance is not aesthetically pleasing, as in the case of the sleek blue appearance to the solar panels.

3. Thin Film

This type of thin solar panels flowchart as is evident in the picture and takes the form of a surface on which it is installed

Most of the developments and ongoing research on the development of this genre in particular because his smooth weight and small fish.

Suitable for many applications such as roofs of boats and transport vehicles

Disadvantages are less efficient species as efficiency may not exceed 12%

Lifespan less than unilateral and multilateral counterparts and up to 15 years.

The most expensive kinds a price if the short lifespan account in the price equation.

What is the best kind: Mono or Poly panels?

There are a lot of misconceptions and lies silly among people interested in the domain, including Arab consultants regarding the differences between multiple panels phantom crystals Poly and Mono .

There is no advantage between the unilateral panels Mono and multi crystals Poly in terms of generating electricity

Vanoain have the same qualities as follows:

Solar thermal Power engines.

Generating electricity is identical! When comparing the productivity 100 Watt Mono cells with 100 Watt Poly cells, we generate electricity equal

The definition of the 100 Watt cells is their ability to generate 100 Watts/hour when lab conditions.

Either try to differentiate between productivity cell types with equal capacity is funny and extremely naïve.

Because simply if the plant cell productivity testing found more than 100 Watts and 105 105, for example, will write them immediately to increase his profits and don't give this difference to the consumer for free!

If there is no truth to the myth that the Mono panels produce electricity more

Identical panels sizes and a very simple space saving

When you buy a Poly solar panel power 250-265 Watts of any trader will find a 99 * 164 cm

And when you search for Mono palette 270-280 bye WAT capacity anywhere in the world will find that covering 99 * 164 cm too!

And again we defy any one can come to us with a solar panel area different from those numbers.

And both types are manufactured with identical sizes so there are standard installation systems for all models.

And the evolution that occurs over time increases the ability of the Board while maintaining these standard sizes

We find that, for example, when manufacturing cells and newer model size palette becomes 97 * 264 * 160 99 allowance.

But we find that size remains constant with evolution, but the ability of modern models 285 250 Watt allowance WAT became two years ago.

Saving in the space between the Mono and Poly comes from commercially almtzfrh panels on the market capacity

Currently, Mono boards, 280 Watt size 99 # 165 

While maximum Watts in the Poly panels at the same size = 265 Watt

Save on space = 280-265/265 = 5.6%.

If there is no truth to the lie that the cells Mono brilliance is much higher, much less space is needed!

Mirrored temperatures influence too. 

And at this point spread substantially myths and manifold, talks about fake differences between species as a result of heat and ice and succession, without any scientific support

But when you read the Datasheet that is as rewriting them by any panel producing companies will discover that the difference between the two in terms of heat effect is very marginal difference has no tangible outcome when practicality, whereas polycrystalline cells and multiple Mono Mono has

And in fact this result very logical consequence that both kinds are made of the same material and are silicone

Mirrored shelf 

Ditto types are made of the same material and have the same shelf life

And the same Degradation (annual productivity loss with age)

And the same warranty period

We defy anyone who comes to us with information about a company give guarantee to the temporal period Poly panels and different conditions for ensuring the Mono panels 

But if the cell performs 20% Mono and Poly 17% where this difference?

1-almono Panel models with the same size her WAT higher than models of Poly (but wattage per produces the same power as explained)

2. He's looking to the cell of the beveled edges clearly find Mono, these empty edges not been producing electricity.

It already is clear that

The only difference between the panels Poly and Mono's appearance:

And since the Mono panels more expensive the only question you should ask yourself when you weigh the solar panels the Poly and Mono is:

Am I ready to pay the price difference for this look better?

If you are implementing a project on building an institution, and the purpose of it is for example implementation certification "building a friend llbaeh" and publicity for the institution, certainly alavdalih the cells in this case Mono

If you, for example, a simple peasant wants to create a water pumping station from a goofy, funny you should choose Mono cells and pay more money without any reason. And don't let the ignorant or wily vendor convince you otherwise.

How to connect an array of solar panels:

The matrix consists of several panels are connected by some to parallel or straight to achieve the desired design power and voltage.

On delivery respectively Series double voltage value and remain constant amps, either when connected in parallel Parallel double amp and voltage remains constant. 

And whatever type of parallel or parallel installation or double the total energy does not change, for example when you plug 10 250 watt panels with some 2500 Watt total power becomes whatever the delivery method.

It is important that all panels are of the same type and capacity and situation. This improves the performance and safety of matrix tablets

Straight connections Series

Include contact plus (+) of the Board to the negative (-) on the Board. And in all panels in the rear cable anode MC4 male Red compass provider and MC4 puppies black, ye meet connect male with alntaih in the corresponding plate directly without having to do any other links. 

To connect the 6 plates, respectively the following specifications:

Stream Palace Chamber Isc = 8.75 A

Voc Palace Chamber effort = 37.5 V

The total voltage for matrix = 37.5 * 6 = 225v

Stream Palace service remains constant at 8.75 A.

And delivery is chosen according to the needs and specifications of the organizer or alanfertr. For example, if a shipping Organizer Ka accepts Volt Voc = 150, that means that you should not increase the number of slabs respectively about 4

And it is always better to choose which accepts as many panels respectively to increase and reduce the voltage plug on the altozazi which leads to increased power as possible. This leads to savings in wire section and reduce system losses.

There is a limit to the Maximum solar voltage System Voltage and current spread in the markets that value is equal to 1000 Volts. This means that the maximum number determined can be connected respectively = 1000/37.5 = 26 palette 

Links to parallel Parallel:

Include contact plus (+) of all the panels together and connect all the dots connect negative (-). In this case you should use bilateral and trilateral MC4 connections make these connections. If the increase in the number of lines that are connected in parallel with each other 3 must be assembled in the Combiner Box plate and copper bars used to execute these assemblies.

To connect the 6 panels in parallel:

Minor service effort remains constant at = 37.5 v

Stream Palace compound service = 8.75 * 6 = 52.5 amp.

And noted here that if the distance between the panels and structured shipping 20 meters, for example, and we have this data on program account will need wire clip mtakah cord 50 mm 2 to keep a 2% loss rate and is great value too, making this parallel sterile solution delivery does not execute any respectable engineer understands the principles  Solar cell connections. And if the proposed cargo Organizer does not allow connecting boards respectively in this case must take this wanton Organizer in garbage and replace it with good type!

Links on the parallel and straight Combined Parallel and Series:

In this way to have matching voltage for each line of the lines to be connected in parallel.

For example, connect 3 slabs respectively and parallel lines work total 6 plates:

Minor service effort = 37.5 * 3 = 112V

Stream Palace compound service = 8.75 * 2 = 17.5 amps

And this matrix suitable for example for feeding the cargo organizer receives maximum effort 112.5 in PV panels in the entrance V.

This method of delivery is most prevalent where the value of maximum effort for any cargo Organizer panels matrix rarely match the voltage on all panels. 

If the cable length is 20 meters and enter data into the cable clip account program result calculations will show that we need a section 6 mm 2 wire and is reasonable value other than the alnshaz value that we get when trying to connect all slabs in parallel.

It is worth mentioning that all inverters for solar pump systems and inverters for grid-connected systems normally effort up to 800 volts of matrix boards, 

It is here connect 20 slab respectively in their lines approximately 5 kWh. For example, a solar system 20 kW to fuel pump usually consists of 4 Strings, all the 5 kW line voltage Voc of 700-800 volts. 

Shipping organizations separate systems on the network, usually receives an effort start from 50 volts for small systems least 1 kW and 150V to medium and economic systems with 3 to 5 kW, and even the good qualities 600v in larger systems of 3 kW.

Ways of knowing the quality solar panels

With the naked eye and simple measuring devices can see quality solar panels according to come:

The silver streaks in cell number Busbars

The Bus Bar is the vertical metal lines that exist in solar cells. And is made of silver wires allow electrical flow, and are associated with some respectively to be single cell solar panel voltage 0.5 volts.

The cost of these bars are high and represent a significant proportion of the total cost of the cell

The importance of these bars:

1. give robustness to hive life up to 25 year must carry the difficult weather conditions of varying temperatures and winds.

2. reduce losses in productivity in case of cracks in the cell as a result of weather factors

Two paintings one with 3Busbar cells and other 5BusBar

Older models and cheap cells have three rods connect only as in the Panel on the left. – 3BB

New models and commercially has 4 bars-4BB

Advanced cell technology are also 5 bars as in the Panel to the right of the picture – 5BB

When purchasing a good Board you must make sure that the cells not 4BB 3BB

Solar pumps. Components and design.

Type of glass

Usually composed using glass thickness 3.2 mm to manufacture solar panels.

This glass is rough sided this is required

1. the inner face aged because during the manufacturing process requires the cell to coherence with glass, and glass glass slicked don't hold together well and will remove lamination.

2. the outer face is too rough, too to help soak up the Sun and reduce the reflection as shown in the picture.

To use coarse glass sided increases the cost of producing solar panel

On the cheap from the galleys we find the outer surface smooth like the mirrors could be looking to see the reflection of surrounding objects clearly, like any other home spun glass, and unfortunately a lot of people imagine that the Tablet is the most brilliant quality!.

Shiny panels image with less efficient as a result not to soak up the rays

High quality solar panels are made of glass Alma (heat-reinforced) just like auto glass.

And carry it to power up six times the strength of normal glass.

And the advantage of using HA reinforced glass in solar panels is to help withstand the impact of cold and snow and wind loads

When broken toughened glass breaks into small pieces not harmful rather than large pieces with sharp blades like normal glass.

Cheap types of solar panels produced by small companies use normal glass which does not bear the elements as well as causing reduced productivity over time energy panels.

A diode Bypass Diodes

On the back of each plate there is a black plastic tray with the positive and negative wire exit

Inside this box, both cell lines are combined respectively to provide bulk voltage of all cells.

For example, the voltage lines are grouped 3 11 volts respectively for solar panel voltage 33 volts.

But when you combine these lines must use electric piece known as Bypass diode Diode as in the picture.

A can collect inside 3 dual diode

In the cheap types and non-certified solar panels do not use these valves for cost savings as the picture.

Khish tray without any diode-unsupported product

Khish tray without any diode-unsupported product

These diodes (diode) have two jobs:

To understand the function of these valves we review the following example:

Solar Panel 60 consists of a cell where you collect all 20 cell respectively in line goes to the plastic Assembly Panel on the back of the painting, where the 3 lines of the 60 cell

When cells are plugged straight into a solid line of every cell in the line produces the energy under the weaker llkhilh

So if the line is composed of 20 cell and one of these cells by shadow and not exposed to the Sun, it will dramatically reduce energy production in all other 20 cells.

When compiling these cells 20 in alblastikth with the rest of the Pack of 40 other cells in a box aggregation without diodes Bypass Diodes will also affect the productivity of the remaining 40 cells as a result of having only one cell shaded!

But with the use of diode that vignetting is only limited to the first 20 cells where the remaining cells are not affected.

And from here we conclude that the Bypass Diodes reduces the rate of losses in productivity of solar panels in case part of the Board of shadows

And the greater the number of valves, the better.

Most types of commercially available solar panels containing 3 Bypass Diode

Other job laded are preventing hot spots on the solar panels.

When a part of the painting doesn't generate electricity as they should because of shading, dirt and damage, the rest of the system can see that part of the circle as fast Load,

And that leads to power flow to that part which may leads to some fever and damaged solar panels, hence the importance of the diode that prevents the entry into force of the electrical current in the opposite direction!

Measure the ability of solar panel:

Alavomitr a normal Multimeter can be used to measure the solar panel.

There are two different readings must be verified to ensure that the solar panels working properly and see the amount of energy generated.

Voc voltage measurement

-Solar panels are separated completely from the battery and charging regulator

– The Tablet is directed towards the Sun

– Ensure that alavomitr is set to measure voltage between anode and cathode for shingles

Measuring amps Isc are the same steps above, but set the alavomitr current measurement

And it can simply measure the ability of the Board after reading these values by using the following equation.

Power = voltage * amps

For example, if the voltage reading of 37.5 and amp 6

Have the ability of the Board = 37.5 * 6 = 225 watt

It is known that the painting's capacity is determined based on laboratory testing under the temperature of 25 c and special circumstances in the lab

Therefore it is impossible to get the same value the capacity written on the painting when measuring the voltage and current in the way.

But you can learn efficient painting to test compared to other Panel are tested at the same time and space.

And roughly painting ability should not be less than 80% when measured by written ability, and when tested in the middle of the day with guide plate perpendicular to the Sun.

You can also use this simple test to measure and identify any defective Panel from within a large parcel.

250 Watt Solar Panel,solar panel,luminous 250 watt solar panel,vikram solar,su-kam solar,microtek solar panel,solar panel price,solar panel for home,solar panel for village,Best Solar Panel,Solar Panel Efficiency,Solar Energy Companies,Residential Solar Panels,solar panel dimensions,solar panel output,solar reviews,how much energy does a solar panel produce,where to buy solar panels,most efficient solar panels on the market,where can i buy solar panels,